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This month in The Journal of Laryngology and Otology

Review Article: History of instruments used for mastoidectomy

The first surgical opening of the mastoid was performed by Petit in 1736 with a trepanation system. More than one and a half centuries later, in 1873, Schwartze codified the operation using chisels and gouges. At the end of the nineteenth century, Macewen introduced the electrical dental burr for mastoid surgery, but it remained largely unrecognised. At the beginning of the 1950s, the systematic use of the microscope in ear surgery allowed generalised use of the drill and improvement of the suction-irrigation system. Three instrumental periods are recognisable in the history of mastoidectomy: the trepan period, the chisel and gouge period, and the electrical drill period.

Main Articles: Paediatric aneurysmal bone cysts of the head and neck

The World Health Organization defines an aneurysmal bone cyst as a ‘benign cystic lesion of bone composed of blood-filled spaces separated by connective tissue septa containing fibroblasts, osteoclast-type giant cells and reactive woven bone'. While involvement of the tibia and femur is typical, presentation within the head and neck region is thought to occur in 12 per cent of cases. Aneurysmal bone cysts may be seen and managed by otolaryngologists. In the head and neck, they typically involve the mandible but may occur in unusual sites such as soft tissue. Eradication of aneurysmal bone cysts by complete surgical excision remains the objective. En-bloc resection is the treatment with the lowest risk of recurrence.

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This month in The Journal of Laryngology and Otology

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